Reducing Anxiety and Depression in Chronic Heart Failure Patients with Meditation
Penurunan Tingkat Kecemasan dan Depresi Pasien Gagal Jantung Kronis dengan Meditasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53770/amhj.v1i2.45Keywords:
Meditation, Anxiety, Depression, Chronic Heart FailureAbstract
Introduction: The average mortality rate of Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) patients is high, approximately 10% one year after diagnosis and increasing to 50% after 5 years. Prevalences of anxiety in HF patients who treated in hospital was 40% to 60% and depression was 13,9% to 77,5%. Anxiety and depression in CHF patients worsening their prognosis. Meditation is a method which used to decrease anxiety and depression level by connection betweeen mind and heart. The objective is to analize the effect of meditation to decrease anxiety and depression in Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) patients. The study was a true experimental with a pre-test post-test control group design. Thirthy six patients was randomized by simple randomized sampling to decide the treatment group and control group respondent. Anxiety and depression level was measured by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) before and after study. Sessions of meditation training (4 weeks) were held using the model of Meditation in treatment group nor control group. The difference of anxiety and depression (pre- and post- assessment) were tested using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The result is meditation practice was significantly to decrease of anxiety (p value = 0,025) and depression (p value = 0,008) after the 4th week in treatment group. The conclusions is a meditation program can be effective to decrease the anxiety and depression level in CHF patients, meditation could be done regularly to improve quality of life patients with CHF.
Pendahuluan: Angka kematian rata-rata dari pasien gagal jantung kronis tinggi, yaitu mencapai 10% pada tahun pertama didiagnosis dan meningkat sampai 50% setelah 5 tahun. Prevalensi kecemasan pada pasien gagal jantung kronis yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit adalah 40% - 60% dan depresi sebesar 13,9% - 77,5%. Kecemasan dan depresi pada pasien gagal jantung kronis dapat memperburuk prognosis pasien tersebut. Meditasi dapat menurunkan tingkat kecemasan dan depresi pasien gagal jantung kronis. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis pengaruh meditasi terhadap penurunan tingkat kecemasan dan depresi pasien gagal jantung kronis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah true eksperimental dan rancangan penelitianya adalah pretest-posttest control group design. Tiga puluh enam pasien gagal jantung kronis dirandomisasi dengan teknik simple randomized sampling untuk menentukan responden kelompok treatment dan kontrol. Tingkat kecemasan dan depresi diukur menggunakan skala Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) sebelum dan setelah penelitian. Responden penelitian kelompok treatment diajarkan meditasi dan diminta melakukannya selama 4 minggu sedangkan kelompok kontrol tanpa perlakuan. Perbedaan tingkat kecemasan dan depresi (pre- dan post-test) diuji menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Hasilnya adalah setelah 4 minggu melakukan meditasi terdapat penurunan tingkat kecemasan dan depresi yang signifikan pada kelompok treatment yaitu pada tingkat kecemasan (p value = 0,025) dan depresi (p value = 0,008). Kesimpulannya adalah program meditasi efektif diterapkan untuk menurunkan tingkat kecemasan dan depresi pasien gagal jantung kronis. Meditasi dapat dilakukan secara terus menerus pada pasien gagal jantung kronis untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya.
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